1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

1.2 Other means of identification

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

1.4 Supplier's details

1.5 Emergency phone number

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4

Carcinogenicity, Category 2

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 1

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statement(s)	H302 Harmful if swallowed H351 Suspected of causing cancer H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P201 Obtain special instructions before use. P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P273 Avoid release to the environment.
Response	P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P308+P313 IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/ attention. P391 Collect spillage.
Storage	P405 Store locked up.
Disposal	P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

3.Composition/information on ingredients

3.1 Substances

4.First-aid measures

4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures

General advice

Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled

Fresh air. Refer for medical attention.

In case of skin contact

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Seek medical attention if you feel unwell.

In case of eye contact

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

If swallowed

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention.

4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed

Excerpt from ERG Guide 133 [Flammable Solids]: Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)

4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary

Emergency and supportive measures: Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Treat coma and seizures if they occur. Treat hemolysis and resulting hemoglobinuria if they occur, by intravenous hydration and urinary alkalinization. /Naphthalene and paradichlorobenzene/

5.Fire-fighting measures

5.1 Extinguishing media

Suitable extinguishing media

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Naphthalene, crude or refined/

5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical

Excerpt from ERG Guide 133 [Flammable Solids]: Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by friction, heat, sparks or flames. Some may burn rapidly with flare-burning effect. Powders, dusts, shavings, borings, turnings or cuttings may explode or burn with explosive violence. Substance may be transported in a molten form at a temperature that may be above its flash point. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. (ERG, 2016)

5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

6.Accidental release measures

6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures

Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.

6.2 Environmental precautions

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up

Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill booms to limit spill travel. Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. /Naphthalene, molten/

7.Handling and storage

7.1 Precautions for safe handling

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.

7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Separated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.Without inert-gas blanketing and at the temperature normally used for the storage of molten naphthalene, i.e., 90°C, the vapors above the liquid are within the flammability limits. Thus, storage tanks containing molten naphthalene have a combustible mixture in the vapor space and care must be taken to eliminate all sources of ignition around such systems. Naphthalene dust can form explosive mixtures with air which necessitates the design and operation of solid handling systems.

8.Exposure controls/personal protection

8.1 Control parameters

Occupational Exposure limit values

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 10 ppm (50 mg/cu m).

Recommended Exposure Limit: 15 Minute Short-Term Exposure Limit: 15 ppm (75 mg/cu m).

Biological limit values

no data available

8.2 Appropriate engineering controls

Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)

Eye/face protection

Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection

Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.

Respiratory protection

Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.

Thermal hazards

no data available

9.Physical and chemical properties

10.Stability and reactivity

10.1 Reactivity

no data available

10.2 Chemical stability

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions

Flammable in the presence of a source of ignition, through friction or retained heat.Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air.Vigorous reactions, sometimes amounting to explosions, can result from the contact between aromatic hydrocarbons, such as NAPHTHALENE, and strong oxidizing agents. They can react exothermically with bases and with diazo compounds. Substitution at the benzene nucleus occurs by halogenation (acid catalyst), nitration, sulfonation, and the Friedel-Crafts reaction. Naphthalene, camphor, glycerol, or turpentine will react violently with chromic anhydride [Haz. Chem. Data 1967. p 68]. Friedel-Crafts acylation of naphthalene using benzoyl chloride, catalyzed by AlCl3, must be conducted above the melting point of the mixture, or the reaction may be violent [Clar, E. et al., Tetrahedron, 1974, 30, 3296].

10.4 Conditions to avoid

no data available

10.5 Incompatible materials

Naphthalene ...will react violently with chromic anhydride.

10.6 Hazardous decomposition products

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

11.Toxicological information

Acute toxicity

• Oral: LD50 Sprague Dawley rat oral 2.6 g/kg
• Inhalation: no data available
• Dermal: no data available

Skin corrosion/irritation

no data available

Serious eye damage/irritation

no data available

Respiratory or skin sensitization

no data available

Germ cell mutagenicity

no data available

Carcinogenicity

WEIGHT-OF-EVIDENCE CHARACTERIZATION: Using criteria of the 1986 Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, naphthalene is classified in group C, a possible human carcinogen. This is based on the inadequate data of carcinogenicity in humans exposed to naphthalene via the oral and inhalation routes, and the limited evidence of carcinogenicity in animals via the inhalation route. Using the 1996 Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, the human carcinogenic potential of naphthalene via the oral or inhalation routes "cannot be determined" at this time based on human and animal data; however, there is suggestive evidence (observations of benign respiratory tumors and one carcinoma in female mice only exposed to naphthalene by inhalation). Additional support includes increase in respiratory tumors associated with exposure to 1-methylnaphthalene. At the present time the mechanism whereby naphthalene produces benign respiratory tract tumors are not fully understood, but are hypothesized to involve oxygenated reactive metabolites produced via the cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase system. However, based on the many negative results obtained in genotoxicity tests, a genotoxic mechanism appears unlikely. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Available data are inadequate to establish a causal association between exposure to naphthalene and cancer in humans. Adequately scaled epidemiological studies designed to examine a possible association between naphthalene exposure and cancer were not located. Overall, no data are available to evaluate the carcinogenic potential in exposed human populations.

Reproductive toxicity

Hemolytic anemia has been reported in infants born to mothers who "sniffed" and ingested naphthalene (as mothballs) during pregnancy. The mothers themselves were anemic, but to a lesser extent than the infants. Signs of maternal toxicity (e.g., decreased body weight and lethargy) but no fetal effects were reported in rats and rabbits exposed to naphthalene via gavage. Maternal toxicity (increased mortality and reduced weight gain) and fetotoxicity (reduced number of live pups per litter) were observed in mice exposed via gavage.

STOT-single exposure

no data available

STOT-repeated exposure

no data available

Aspiration hazard

no data available

12.Ecological information

12.1 Toxicity

• Toxicity to fish: LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) weight 116 mg; Conditions: flow-through bioassay, dissolved oxygen 7.4 (4.6-8.8) mg/L, water hardness 44.9 (42.4-46.6) mg/L as CaCO3, pH 6.9-7.7, alkalinity 42.9 (39.6-61.4) mg/L CaCO3, 26.4 +/- 1.4°C; Concentration: 7.76 (7.39-8.14) mg/L for 24 hr /Purity 98%
• Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water Flea) age <24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 1600 ug/L for 48 hr (95% confidence interval: 1300-2000 ug/L); Effect: intoxication, immobilization /100% purity
• Toxicity to algae: EC50; Species: Chlorella vulgaris (Green Algae); Conditions: freshwater, static, 20°C; Concentration: 33000 ug/L for 24 hr; Effect: growth, general /formulation
• Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available

12.2 Persistence and degradability

AEROBIC: Although there are some conflicting data, data suggest that naphthalene degrades after a relatively short period of acclimation and that degradation can be rapid in oil polluted water, slow in unpolluted water and that the rate of degradation increases with the concentration of naphthalene(1). In laboratory tests with sewage or sludge inoculums, 100% degradation was obtained in 7 days(2-3) while others got 0% BOD in 5 days(4-5). The lag period for naphthalene degradation decreased as groundwater was more polluted with fuel oil; the lag period was 1.2 and 1.9 days in heavily polluted and slightly polluted water, respectively versus 12 days for unpolluted water(6). Approximately 70% of naphthalene was lost in a pilot-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant due to biodegradation(7). In water, bacteria can utilize naphthalene only when it is in the dissolved state(8). Naphthalene, present at 100 mg/L, reached 2% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(9).

12.3 Bioaccumulative potential

The BCF of naphthalene at a water concentration of 0.15 mg/L ranged from 36.5 to 168 in carp, over an 8 week exposure period(1). BCF values in sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) exposed for 36 days to 1.34 and 12.5 ug/L of naphthalene were 692 and 714, respectively(2). According to a classification scheme(3), these BCF values suggest for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low to high(SRC). BCF values in amphipods (Diporeia spp) exposed for 28 days to 453.2 to 2201.1 ug/L of naphthalene were 490 to 736(4).

12.4 Mobility in soil

The mean Koc value of naphthalene in 17 soils throughout the US was 871(1). The Koc of naphthalene in 5 different soils from Japan ranged from 440-830(2). In a long term field experiment in Uppsala, Sweden, soils were treated with 7 types of amendments and 1 untreated plot, Koc values were 112-680 for naphthalene(3). In a contaminated soil collected from a railway station in Spain, naphthalene had a log Koc of 3.97(4). The mean Koc value of naphthalene in sediment samples from 2 ponds and 1 river from north Georgia, US was 1,300(5). The log Koc value in sediment was 2.84(6). In 76 sediment samples from 7 sites in New York and 1 in North Carolina, naphthalene had log Koc values of 2.45-5.59(7). According to a classification scheme(8), these Koc values suggest that naphthalene is expected to have high to no mobility in soil(SRC).

12.5 Other adverse effects

no data available

13.Disposal considerations

13.1 Disposal methods

Product

The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.

Contaminated packaging

Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.

14.Transport information

14.1 UN Number

14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name

14.3 Transport hazard class(es)

14.4 Packing group, if applicable

14.5 Environmental hazards

14.6 Special precautions for user

no data available

14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code

no data available

15.Regulatory information

15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question

16.Other information

Information on revision

Abbreviations and acronyms

• CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
• ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
• RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
• IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
• IATA: International Air Transportation Association
• TWA: Time Weighted Average
• STEL: Short term exposure limit
• LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
• LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
• EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

References

• IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
• HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
• IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
• eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
• CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
• ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
• ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
• Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
• ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/

Disclaimer: The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. We as supplier shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.