1.Identification
1.1 GHS Product identifier
| Product name | 2,4-dinitrophenol |
|---|
1.2 Other means of identification
| Product number | - |
|---|---|
| Other names | Phenol, 2,4-dinitro- |
1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | For industry use only. Phenols/phenoxy acids |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4 Supplier's details
| Company | MOLBASE (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co., Ltd. |
|---|---|
| Address | Floor 4 & 5, Building 12, No. 1001 North Qinzhou Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China |
| Telephone | +86(21)64956998 |
| Fax | +86(21)54365166 |
1.5 Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | +86-400-6021-666 |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
2.Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 3
Acute toxicity - Dermal, Category 3
Acute toxicity - Inhalation, Category 3
Specific target organ toxicity – repeated exposure, Category 2
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |    |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H301 Toxic if swallowed H311 Toxic in contact with skin H331 Toxic if inhaled H373 May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H400 Very toxic to aquatic life |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P273 Avoid release to the environment. |
| Response | P301+P310 IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. P361+P364 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P311 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… P314 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. P391 Collect spillage. |
| Storage | P405 Store locked up. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to ... |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
3.Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,4-dinitrophenol | 2,4-dinitrophenol | 51-28-5 | none | 100% |
4.First-aid measures
4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest.
In case of skin contact
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer immediately for medical attention .
In case of eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
If swallowed
Rest. Refer immediately for medical attention. See Notes.
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
DUST: POISONOUS IF INHALED OR IF SKIN IS EXPOSED. SOLID: POISONOUS IF SWALLOWED. (USCG, 1999)
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Dinitrophenol and Related Compounds/
5.Fire-fighting measures
5.1 Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Dinitrophenol solutions/
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Combustible. May explode if subjected to heat or flame. POISONOUS GAS IS PRODUCED WHEN HEATED. Vapors are toxic. Can detonate or explode when heated under confinement. (USCG, 1999)
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
6.Accidental release measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do not allow to dry out. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into containers. Carefully collect remainder. Store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Evacuate persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until clean-up is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Wet spilled material with water. Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe manner and deposit in sealed containers. Ventilate area after clean-up is complete. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. Keep dinitrophenol out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the build-up of explosive concentrations. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection of your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations.
7.Handling and storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Fireproof. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Cool. Separated from combustible substances, reducing agents and food and feedstuffs./Dinitrophenol/ ... should be stored in a cool ventilated place away from area of acute fire hazard and away from powerful oxidizing agents. /Dinitrophenol/
8.Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1 Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
no data available
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controls
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Respiratory protection
Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.
Thermal hazards
no data available
9.Physical and chemical properties
| Physical state | yellow powder or crystals |
|---|---|
| Colour | Pale yellow platelets or leaflets from water |
| Odour | SWEET, MUSTY ODOR |
| Melting point/ freezing point | 106-112ºC |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 312.1ºC at 760 mmHg |
| Flammability | Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit | no data available |
| Flash point | 142.8ºC |
| Auto-ignition temperature | no data available |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | pH range: 2.6 Colorless, 4.4 Yellow |
| Kinematic viscosity | no data available |
| Solubility | In water:0.6 g/100 mL (18 ºC) |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value) | no data available |
| Vapour pressure | 3.9X10-4 mm Hg at 20°C |
| Density and/or relative density | 1.68 |
| Relative vapour density | 6.35 (vs air) |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
10.Stability and reactivity
10.1 Reactivity
no data available
10.2 Chemical stability
Appear to be stable in acid solution, but are susceptible to decomposition by UV radiation in alkaline solutions. /Dintrophenols/
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
The flammability of the solution depends on the nature of the solvent. Dintrophenol is combustible though it may require some effort to ignite. /Dinitrophenol solutions/Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air.2,4-DINITROPHENOL may explode if subjected to heat or flame. May explode if allowed to dry out. Forms explosive salts with alkalis and ammonia. Incompatible with heavy metals and their compounds. Also incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases and reducing agents. Reacts with combustibles.
10.4 Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
Contact with reducing agents, combustibles may cause fire and explosions. Forms shock-sensitive explosive salts with ammonia, strong bases, and most metals. May accumulate static electrical charges /which/ may cause ignition of its vapors.
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitroxides/.
11.Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Rat oral 30 mg/kg
- Inhalation: no data available
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
no data available
Reproductive toxicity
Case reports of women taking 2,4-dinitrophenol orally for weight loss suggest that it may affect the female reproductive system, but the limited information is inconclusive. One study reported an increased incidence of stillborn animals and increased pup mortality in the offspring of animals exposed to 2,4-dintrophenol by gavage.
STOT-single exposure
no data available
STOT-repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
no data available
12.Ecological information
12.1 Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill); Concentration: 620 ug/L for 96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (freshwater cladoceran); Concentration: 4,090-4,710 ug/L for 96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined
- Toxicity to algae: EC50; Species: Scenedesmus subspicatus (Green algae, exponential growth phase); Conditions: freshwater, static, 24°C, pH 8.0-9.3; Concentration: 40000 ug/L for 48 hr; Effect: decreased population biomass /formulation
- Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available
12.2 Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: 2,4-Dinitrophenol, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(1). It is reported that nitrophenols can inhibit aerobic microbial growth by uncoupling the metabolic process of oxidative phosphorylation(2). Static incubation of 5 and 10 mg/L of 2,4-dinitrophenol seeded with settled domestic wastewater resulted in 60 and 68% degradation, respectively, in 7 days(3). Oxygen uptake by mixed cultures of phenol adapted microorganisms suggests that 2,4-dinitrophenol was slowly degraded under aerobic conditions(4-5). Possible biotransformation processes of 2,4-dinitrophenol are: reduction of the nitro group, hydroxylation of the aromatic ring and displacement of the nitro group by a hydroxy group(6). A pure culture of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum was found to reduce 2,4-dinitrophenol to 2-amino-4-nitrophenol and 4-amino-2-nitrophenol(6). Nitrite release has been observed during the metabolism of 2,4-dinitrophenol by pure cultures of Nocardia alba, Arthrobacter and Corynebacterium simplex(6). The biodegradation half-life of 2,4-dinitrophenol in an acidic soil was reported as 32.1 days and the biodegradation half-life in a basic soil was reported as 4.6 days(7). The half-life for 2,4-dinitrophenol was measured in field studies to be 3-263 days at an application rate of 1.5 kg/ha, however degradation was not specified as abiotic or biodegradation(8).
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
BCF values of <0.4-0.7 and <3.7 were measured in carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed over a 6 week incubation period at 2,4-dinitrophenol concentrations of 50 and 5 ug/L, respectively(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCFs suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).
12.4 Mobility in soil
2,4-Dinitrophenol has a measured Koc of 13.5 in alluvial sandy loam (7.8% clay, 30% silt, 62.2% sand, 1.1% organic matter, pH 8.1)(1). 2,4-Dinitrophenol also has a measured Koc of 16.6(2). According to a classification scheme(3), these Koc values suggest that 2,4-dinitrophenol is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of 2,4-dinitrophenol is 4.09(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). This can be seen in the measured Koc values(SRC).
12.5 Other adverse effects
no data available
13.Disposal considerations
13.1 Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
14.Transport information
14.1 UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN1320 | IMDG: UN1320 | IATA: UN1320 |
14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: DINITROPHENOL, WETTED with not less than 15% water, by mass |
| IMDG: DINITROPHENOL, WETTED with not less than 15% water, by mass |
| IATA: DINITROPHENOL, WETTED with not less than 15% water, by mass |
14.3 Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 4.1 | IMDG: 4.1 | IATA: 4.1 |
14.4 Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: I | IMDG: I | IATA: I |
14.5 Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: yes | IMDG: yes | IATA: yes |
14.6 Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code
no data available
15.Regulatory information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2,4-dinitrophenol | 2,4-dinitrophenol | 51-28-5 | none |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Not Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
16.Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | Aug 13, 2017 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | Aug 13, 2017 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
