1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

1.2 Other means of identification

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

1.4 Supplier's details

1.5 Emergency phone number

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Skin irritation, Category 2

Eye irritation, Category 2

Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Category 3

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 1

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statement(s)	H315 Causes skin irritation H319 Causes serious eye irritation H335 May cause respiratory irritation H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P273 Avoid release to the environment.
Response	P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P332+P313 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. P391 Collect spillage.
Storage	P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P405 Store locked up.
Disposal	P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

3.Composition/information on ingredients

3.1 Substances

4.First-aid measures

4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures

General advice

Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

In case of skin contact

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

In case of eye contact

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

If swallowed

Rinse mouth. Refer for medical attention .

4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed

CALL FOR MEDICAL AID. VAPOR, MIST OR DUST: Irritating to eyes, nose, throat and skin. Flush affected area with plenty of water. IF IN EYES, hold eyelids open and flush with plenty of water. SOLID OR LIQUID: Irritating to skin and eyes, nose and throat. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Flush affected areas with plenty water. IF IN EYES, hold eyelids open and flush with plenty of water. If swallowed, do not induce vomiting. Harmful if inhaled or swallowed. Causes irritation to eyes, skin and mucous membrane and upper respiratory tract. Causes central nervous system depression, paralysis and convulsion in animals. May cause headache, diffuse gastrointestinal pain, nausea, indigestion, numbness and aching of limbs, and general fatigue. Liver function test may show abnormalities. Chronic exposure is mostly characterized by central nervous system symptoms, fatigue, headache, tremor, insomnia, sensory impairment, and mood changes. Such symptoms are rare however. (USCG, 1999)

4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary

Exposure treatment. Inhalation: Call for medical aid. Remove the victim to fresh air. If not breathing give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult give oxygen. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Skin: Wash with soap and copious amounts of water. Eyes: Flush with copious amounts of water for at least 15 min.

5.Fire-fighting measures

5.1 Extinguishing media

Suitable extinguishing media

Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, water spray, mist, fog.

5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical

Combustible. Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions. (USCG, 1999)

5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

6.Accidental release measures

6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures

Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.

6.2 Environmental precautions

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and particulates adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up

Environmental considerations: Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.

7.Handling and storage

7.1 Precautions for safe handling

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.

7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Separated from food and feedstuffs and oxidants. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.Materials... toxic as stored or which can decompose into toxic components... should be stored in a cool... ventilated place, out of... sun, away from fire hazard... /and/ be periodically inspected. ...Incompatible materials should be isolated...

8.Exposure controls/personal protection

8.1 Control parameters

Occupational Exposure limit values

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 1 mg/cu m (0.2 ppm).

Biological limit values

no data available

8.2 Appropriate engineering controls

Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)

Eye/face protection

Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection

Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.

Respiratory protection

Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.

Thermal hazards

no data available

9.Physical and chemical properties

10.Stability and reactivity

10.1 Reactivity

no data available

10.2 Chemical stability

Very stable in acidic & alkaline media.

10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions

Slight when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials.Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air.BIPHENYL is incompatible with oxidizers.

10.4 Conditions to avoid

no data available

10.5 Incompatible materials

Reacts with oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard.

10.6 Hazardous decomposition products

This substance decomposes on heating producing toxic gases, acrid smokes and fumes.

11.Toxicological information

Acute toxicity

• Oral: LD50 Rat oral 3280 mg/kg
• Inhalation: LC50 Mouse inhalation 0.275 mg/L/4 hr
• Dermal: no data available

Skin corrosion/irritation

no data available

Serious eye damage/irritation

no data available

Respiratory or skin sensitization

no data available

Germ cell mutagenicity

no data available

Carcinogenicity

Cancer Classification: Group D Not Classifiable as to Human Carcinogenicity

Reproductive toxicity

No information is available on the reproductive or developmental effects of biphenyl in humans. Limited data indicate that biphenyl does not cause teratogenic effects (birth defects) in animals. Some evidence (not significant) of fetotoxicity has been observed in rats exposed to high levels of biphenyl via gavage (experimentally placing the chemical in the stomach).

STOT-single exposure

no data available

STOT-repeated exposure

no data available

Aspiration hazard

no data available

12.Ecological information

12.1 Toxicity

• Toxicity to fish: LC50 Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) 4.7 mg/L/96 hr (95% confidence interval: 4.3-5.1 mg/L); static
• Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea; intoxication, immobilization) 7.1 mmol/cu m/48 hr; static
• Toxicity to algae: no data available
• Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available

12.2 Persistence and degradability

Several organisms have been found that can grow on diphenyl and use it as the sole carbon source.

12.3 Bioaccumulative potential

Bioconcentration factors for biphenyl in golden orfe (Leuciscus idus melanotus) and the amphipod Rhepoxynius abronius, have been measured as 280(1) and 4,500(2). Measured BCF values for rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were reported as 437(3) and 1,318(4). According to a classification scheme(5), these BCF values indicate that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high to very high(SRC). Bivalve molluscs, Mercenaria mercenaria L., exposed to waste crankcase oil containing biphenyl for 2 days, did not significantly depurate biphenyl over a 45 day period in clean water(6).

12.4 Mobility in soil

In three soils, the log Koc was determined to be in the range 2.94-3.52 (Koc of 871-3,331)(1). The experimental mean log Koc value in five soils was 3.16 (Koc of 1,445)(3). The log Koc value in humic acids was determined to be 3.27 (Koc of 1,862)(4). According to a recommended classification scheme(2), these log Koc values indicate biphenyl may have low to slight mobility in soil(SRC). A log Koc of 5.09 was measured using soot columns and an SRM-1650 soot standard obtained from NIST(5). A retardation factor (Rf) of 2.1 was measured for biphenyl using soil columns filled with a surface soil (organic carbon = 12.6%, 60.3% sand, 24.0% silt, 15.7% clay, porosity = 0.7)(6). A retardation factor of 2.2-2.3 was measured for biphenyl on columns packed with low carbon aquifer material(7). The sorption of biphenyl on HDTMA clays indicated that sorption occurs via partition interactions with the HDTMA-derived organic phase. The greater the HDTMA content and the larger spacings of high charge HDTMA clays increased biphenyl's sorption(8).

12.5 Other adverse effects

no data available

13.Disposal considerations

13.1 Disposal methods

Product

The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.

Contaminated packaging

Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.

14.Transport information

14.1 UN Number

14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name

14.3 Transport hazard class(es)

14.4 Packing group, if applicable

14.5 Environmental hazards

14.6 Special precautions for user

no data available

14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code

no data available

15.Regulatory information

15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question

16.Other information

Information on revision

Abbreviations and acronyms

• CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
• ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
• RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
• IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
• IATA: International Air Transportation Association
• TWA: Time Weighted Average
• STEL: Short term exposure limit
• LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
• LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
• EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

References

• IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
• HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
• IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
• eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
• CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
• ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
• ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
• Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
• ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/

Disclaimer: The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. We as supplier shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.